Saturday 25 February 2017

There are many ways to skin a cat (apology to Animal rights activists). However, we say: there are many paths to access the market - "Ọ̀nà kan o w’ọjà"

Why did the Roman Numerals become extinct? 
The Roman Numerals fell into oblivion because it could not be used for mathematical and scientific calculations. It was replaced by the Hindu-Arabic Numerals that we all love and use today:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Hindu mathematicians of India developed it around AD 500 and was popularised by the Arab mathematician and astronomer Al-Khwarizmi when he wrote about it in his treatise “On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals” in AD 825.
In 1202, the Italian mathematician Leonardo Fibonacci brought the Hindu-Arabic Numerals to Europe.
What about our own Vigesimal System? Even though it was largely unknown or not popular in other parts of the world, its mathematical elegance cannot be denied.
The beauty of Mathematics is that there is more than one way to solve a problem. The Yoruba Numerals System shines in this area as demonstrated below.
In English language for example, the number 19,669 is just “Nineteen thousand, six hundred sixty-nine”
In Yoruba however, there are at least nine ways to skin this “19,669” cat as shown below (Adapted from Ekundayo, S. A. seminal work see Reference)!
Remember that this is done effortlessly mentally in the head without the aid of any calculating device.
(a) Ọ̀kẹ́ kan ó dín ojìlélọdúnrún ó lé mẹsán
20,000 - (300 + 40) + 9 = 19,669
(b) Ọ̀kẹ́ kan ó dín irinwó ó lé ọkaàn dínláàdọ́rín
20,000 - 400 + (70 - 1) = 19,669
(c) Ọ̀kẹ́ kan ó dín ọ̀ọ́dúnrun ó dín ọ̀kànlélọ́gbọ̀n
20,000 - 300 - (30 + 1) = 19,669
(d) Ọ̀kẹ́ kan ó dín ọ̀tàdínirinwó ó lé mẹ́sàn
20,000 - (400 - 60) + 9 = 19,669
(e) Ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbàáwàá ó lé ẹgbẹ̀ta ó lé ọ̀kàndínláádọrin
19,000 + 600 + (70 - 1) = 19,669
(f) Ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbàáwàá ó lé ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ̀gbẹrin ó dín ọ̀kànlélọ́gbọ̀n
19,000 + 700 - (30 + 1) = 19,669
(g) Ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbàáwàá ó lé ọ̀tàlélẹgbẹta ó lé mẹ́sàn
19,000 + (600 + 60) + 9 = 19,669
(h) Ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbàáwàá ó lé ọ̀rinlélẹgbẹ̀ta ó dín ókànlàá
19,000 + (600 + 80) - 11 = 19,669
(i) Ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbàáwàá ó lé ójìlélẹgbẹta ó lé mọkandínlọgbọn
19,000 + (600 + 40) + 29 = 19,669
References:
1. Ekundayo, S. A. 'Vigesimal numeral derivational morphology: Yoruba grammatical competence epitomized.' Paper presented in the Linguistics Department, University of Ife, 1975.

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